The persistence of multiple strains of avian influenza in live bird markets

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The persistence of multiple strains of avian influenza in live bird markets

Multiple subtypes of avian influenza (AI) and novel reassortants are frequently isolated from live bird markets (LBMs). However, our understanding of the drivers of persistence of multiple AI subtypes is limited. We propose a stochastic model of AI transmission within an LBM that incorporates market size, turnover rate and the balance of direct versus environmental transmissibility. We investig...

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Avian Influenza (AI) H9N2 is endemic in Iran; therefore, it is necessary to estimate the disease prevalence among birds in live bird markets (LBMs) and assess the risk spread across the country. Accordingly, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of AI subtypes in LBMs, bird gardens, and zoos during October and November 2015 in Iran and investigate the associated risk factors. Data related...

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In 1994, an H7N2 subtype avian influenza virus of low pathogenicity was detected in live-bird markets (LBMs) of the Northeast United States. Since that time the H7N2 virus continues to circulate in the LBMs despite efforts to eradicate the virus by market closures followed by extensive cleaning and disinfection. Since 1996, the LBMs have been implicated as the source of virus in five outbreaks ...

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences

سال: 2017

ISSN: 0962-8452,1471-2954

DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2017.0715